cnrs france
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cnrs France is looking for international students to apply for fully funded Phd positions.
1. Ph.D. student Photoinduced transformation of N2 into a nitrogenous precursor of polymer and fuel
Application Deadline: 19 September 2022
Ensure that your candidate profile is
correct before applying. Your profile information will be added to the details
for each application. In order to increase your visibility on our Careers
Portal and allow employers to see your candidate profile, you can upload your
CV to our CV library in one click!
Scientific Responsible name: Etienne Grau
and Dario Bassani
Description of the thesis topic
We are looking for a motivated young
researcher, willing to participate in a multidisciplinary project aiming to
contribute to the solution of a fundamental problem in chemistry: How to
activate inactive molecules? Today, ammonia is synthesized from nitrogen gas
and hydrogen at high temperatures and pressures (Bosh-Haber process). Although
efficient, this process has a particularly important impact on global warming
and consumes 1 to 2% of the world's annual energy. Our objective is to identify
and tune photocatalysts absorbing in the UV-Vis region (> 330 nm) involving
multi-photon excitation to generate reducing equivalents that will be
accumulated by a catalyst and used to reduce molecular nitrogen. Fundamental
studies will aim to optimize the system by engineering the absorption cross
sections and irradiation conditions and selectively stop the reaction at
specific reaction intermediates. This can then be exploited to facilitate the
isolation and purification of functional monomers that can be incorporated into
more environmentally friendly polymer syntheses.
Work Context
--The Laboratory of Organic Polymer
Chemistry (LCPO) is a joint research unit attached to the CNRS, the University
of Bordeaux and the Bordeaux Polytechnic Institute.
The LCPO is composed of 4 research teams
and includes about 150 people, including about 50 permanent staff.
The work of the recruited agent will be
carried out within the team 2, Biopolymers and biosourced materials, team led
by Henri Cramail.
The project will involve two groups, one
specialized in photochemistry (ISM) and the other in polymer and materials
chemistry (LCPO). Together, we have access to a wide range of equipment and
instruments that you can use and learn from.
View Details about PhD and Apply
2. PhD, Using hydrogen as a decarbonated energy for propulsion applications
Application
Deadline: 16 September 2022
Scientific Responsible name: Guillaume
DAYMA
Description of the thesis topic
Reducing our impact on climate change means
reducing our consumption of fossil fuels. EU wants to ban fossil-fuel for new
cars from 2035. The use of innovative energy carriers such as hydrogen,
particularly coming from renewable electricity, will play a key role in the
European Green Deal. Hydrogen can be used as a fuel and could reduce emissions
in hard-to-abate sectors, particularly in industry and transport. To comply
with NOx emission limits, a flame temperature abatement to about 2300 K is necessary
under stoichiometric conditions, and steam dilution combustion appears as a
promising way to overcome the difficulties associated with hydrogen/air
combustion. Indeed, the increased heat capacity of the mixture and the reduced
fuel and oxygen concentrations decrease the flame temperature and the flame
speed, also limiting the transition to detonation.
The proposed thesis topic will have two
objectives which are to obtain fundamental experimental data in order to select
and improve a kinetic mechanism from the literature able to describe the
combustion of H2/air/H2O(+NOx) over a wide range of operating conditions and to
study the effect of the local geometry of the flame front (strong curvature) on
reactivity. The use of the acoustic system will make possible to study the
importance of diffusive phenomena for very varied flame geometries to challenge
how diffusion is accounted for in numerical simulations. This task is an
essential initial step in validating the consideration of diffusion effects
before simulating highly turbulent flames. This task will be done in
collaboration between CORIA (Rouen) and ICARE (Orléans).
This thesis is funded within the framework
of the ANR SPEEDYH project aiming at the fundamental scientific understanding
of hydrogen/air combustion with the addition of steam and NOx. This objective
will be achieved through experiments and numerical modelling.
Located on the CNRS campus in Orléans, the
PhD student will join the Hydrocarbon Oxidation team of the Institute of Combustion,
Aerothermics, Reactivity and Environment (ICARE), which has a staff of
approximately 100.
Degree is required in the disciplines :
Combustion, physics, chemistry, fluid mechanics or thermodynamics. A good
English language skills and Ability to work in a team.
View Details about PhD and Apply
3. Dynamic Study of the 3D Morphological Evolution of All-Solid Li-ion Batteries during their Manufacture and Cycling (M/F)
Application Deadline: September 14, 2022
Scientific Responsible name: Arnaud
Demortière
Description of the thesis topic
The objective of my thesis is the analysis
and quantification of the evolution of the 3D morphology of all-solid Li-ion
batteries. The dynamic study in morphology will be based on the use of X-ray
tomography imaging techniques at different scales (μ and nano) and the analysis
of time series by "Deep Learning" algorithms
Work Context
For 3 years, in the LRCS Imaging and
Diffraction (I&D) team, developments have been carried out around the
monitoring of lithiation dynamics in Li-ion batteries and all-solid batteries
using the 3D nano-XCT coupled different techniques, such as XANES spectroscopy,
Zernike phase contrast and holography, with convincing results. These results
were made possible by the development and use of "in-house"
electrochemical operand cells, but also by the mastery of image processing
tools via AI algorithms (CNN deep learning). The use of "in-house" AI
software and algorithms allowing 3D analysis will be an important asset
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4. PhD student (M/F): ultrafast electron microscopy of nanomaterials
Application Deadline: September 14, 2022
Scientific Responsible name:
Florian BANHART
Description of the thesis
topic
The candidate will work for
a period of three years as a doctoral student in the Department of Structures
and Interfaces at the Institute of Physics and Chemistry of Materials in
Strasbourg (IPCMS, UMR 7504). Under the responsibility of Prof. Florian
BANHART, He/she will contribute to the scientific tasks of the NANOHEATERS
project (selected by the ANR in 2022). This is fundamental research aimed at
studying the thermal behavior of nanoparticles under light pulses. These
studies will be carried out by time-resolved electron microscopy. This
pioneering technique has been developed at the IPCMS since 2014. It consists of
operating a transmission electron microscope in "pump-probe" mode: a
first laser pulse excites the sample, i.e. induces a transformation,
Different types of
photothermally active nanoparticles will be studied. The incorporation of such
particles into spin-switched materials (SCO) will allow us to quantify the heat
generated and to study its mechanism. Indeed, the dynamics of size change
specific to individual SCO nanoparticles can be measured directly by ultrafast
transmission electron microscopy (UTEM) with a spatiotemporal resolution of the
order of nanometers and nanoseconds, which makes it possible to follow the
photo process. - heat generation armature [1]. By taking well-defined plasmonic
systems as a reference, the release of heat from new inorganic nanoparticles
can thus be quantified and better understood. Furthermore, liquid-phase
experiments will be carried out in UTEM thanks to observation cells specially
dedicated to liquid-phase electron microscopy. The release of heat can then be
studied in detail in an environment reproducing the realistic conditions of the
promising medical applications targeted.
[1] Y. Hu et al., Advanced
Materials 33, 2105586 (2021)
Work Context
The thesis will be attached
to the Doctoral School of Physics and Physical Chemistry (ED 182) of the
University of Strasbourg (https://edpcp.u-strasbg.fr/).
The Institute of Physics and
Chemistry of Materials (https://www.ipcms.fr/),
where the work will be carried out, is a joint research unit of the University
of Strasbourg and the CNRS.
The thesis will be carried
out within the Ultrafast Electron Microscopy (UTEM) team. Information about the
working team can be found at https://www.ipcms.fr/equipe/ultrafast-transmission-electron-microscopy-utem/.
Modern and unique equipment in France is available: an ultra-fast transmission
electron microscope, which was produced as part of an EQUIPEX project.
The research project is
supported by the ANR and has a duration of 3 years. The work will be carried
out in collaboration with the teams of G. Chastanet (ICMCB in Bordeaux) and L.
Catala (ICMMO in Saclay).
Constraints and risks
Possible risks from laser
radiation in these experiments are minimized by appropriate protective
measures.
Additional Information
The candidate must hold a
master's degree in physics, chemistry or engineering. The position requires
solid knowledge of the physics and chemistry of matter, good oral and written
communication skills (French and English desirable) to present at seminars and
contribute to articles in scientific journals. We are looking for a young
researcher (M/F) who will be able to get involved in this demanding, curious
project, with a certain autonomy and a strong motivation to develop skills in
nanomaterials science in the field of nanocharacterization. In addition, the
candidate must be able to work in a team on multidisciplinary projects.
Applications should include
a detailed CV; the names of at least two people likely to be contacted; a
one-page cover letter; a one-page summary of the master's thesis; the marks of
Master 1 or 2 or engineering school.
The deadline for sending
applications is 09/15/2022.
View Details about PhD and Apply
5. PHD / Design and realization of flexible MEMS based on heterostructures of GaN type materials M/F
Application Deadline: 19 September 2022
Scientific Responsible name:
THIERRY LEICHLE + JEAN PAUL SALVESTRINI
Description of the thesis
topic
The project aims at
implementing and optimizing the growth of GaN and its alloys on structured h-BN
in order to fabricate transferable MEMS on flexible substrates. Due to its
unique electronic, chemical and mechanical properties, the use of GaN opens the
way to a new class of flexible MEMS sensors integrating high frequency
electronics and high efficiency transduction means for applications such as
implantable sensors or for extreme conditions.
The proposed innovative
process is based on the selective van der Waals epitaxy method, a concept
invented by the international research laboratory Georgia Tech-CNRS and first
demonstrated in 2019. Selective growth avoids the need to etch GaN to achieve
complex geometries and allows sapphire substrates to be reused after device
transfer, leading to a dramatic reduction in the amount of material used. This
technique completely changes the post-growth processing as the devices can be
recovered individually without laser stripping or substrate etching. This
process has been used to isolate individual chips on a substrate, but not yet
for the direct realization of mechanical structures with well-defined
micrometric geometry. We will therefore adapt this epitaxy method to the direct
fabrication of MEMS and study the influence of growth and transfer processes on
the mechanical and electrical properties of the semiconductor layers.
To meet the challenges
raised by this project, we have assembled an interdisciplinary and experienced
consortium with complementary skills in metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy (IRL
GT-CNRS), microelectronics fabrication (Institut Lafayette), analog electronics
(LAAS-CNRS), and MEMS modeling and characterization (IMS).
The PhD student will be in charge of the fabrication of these structures from h-BN/Al2O3 substrates prepared at the IRL GT-CNRS. This fabrication will be done at the Lafayette Institute. For this, the PhD student will follow several trainings on the different equipments needed (photo-lithography, metal deposition, etching,). He will then carry out the mechanical transfer, by optimizing a process developed at the IRL GT-CNRS, of the membranes fabricated on flexible substrates. He will then participate to the electro-mechanical characterizations of the MEMS realized within the LAAS and IMS. Note that the PhD student will also be involved, in a more marginal way, in the simulation and design work of the structures which will be carried out within IMS and will also have to take an interest, in an even more marginal way, in the packaging work which will be carried out at LAAS but also in the van der Waals epitaxy work of the various structures carried out at the IRL GT CNRS
View Details about PhD and Apply
6. PhD student M/F Photoinduced transformation of N2 into nitrogenous precursor of polymer and fuel
Application Deadline: September 19, 2022
Scientific Responsible name:
Etienne Grau and Dario Bassani
Description of the thesis
topic
We are looking for a
motivated young researcher, willing to participate in a multidisciplinary
project aimed at contributing to the resolution of a fundamental problem in
chemistry: How to activate inactive molecules? Today, ammonia is synthesized
from nitrogen gas and hydrogen at high temperatures and pressures (Bosh-Haber
process). Although effective, this process has a particularly significant
impact on global warming and consumes 1 to 2% of the world's annual energy. Our
goal is to identify and tune photocatalysts absorbing in the UV-Vis region
(>330 nm) involving multi-photon excitation to generate reducing equivalents
that will be accumulated by a catalyst and used to reduce molecular nitrogen.
Fundamental studies will aim to optimize the system by engineering the
absorption cross-sections and irradiation conditions and to selectively stop
the reaction at specific reaction intermediates. This can then be exploited to
facilitate the isolation and purification of functional monomers that can be
incorporated into more environmentally friendly polymer syntheses.
You are a student in
chemistry, holder of a master's degree or equivalent, familiar with organic
synthesis and/or photochemical transformations. You are curious, diligent in
your research, attentive to detail and eager to learn new techniques. Working
and communicating with others is no problem for you.
Work Context
The Organic Polymers
Chemistry Laboratory (LCPO) is a joint research unit attached to the CNRS, the
University of Bordeaux and the Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux.
The LCPO is made up of 4
research teams and has nearly 150 people, including around 50 permanent staff.
The work of the recruited
agent will be carried out within team 2, Biopolymers and biosourced materials,
a team led by Henri Cramail.
View Details about PhD and Apply
7. PhD student, Use of hydrogen as carbon-free energy for propulsion applications (M/F)
Application Deadline: September 16, 2022
Ensure that your candidate
profile is correct before applying. Your profile information will be added to
the details for each application. In order to increase your visibility on our
Careers Portal and allow employers to see your candidate profile, you can
upload your CV to our CV library in one click!
Scientific Responsible name:
Guillaume DAYMA
Description of the thesis
topic
To reduce our impact on
climate change, we must reduce our consumption of fossil fuels. The EU wants to
ban fossil fuels for new cars from 2035. The use of innovative energy carriers
such as hydrogen, notably from renewable electricity, will play a key role in
the European "Green Deal". Hydrogen can be used as a fuel and could
reduce emissions in hard-to-control sectors, including industry and transport.
In order to respect the NOx emission limits, a lowering of the flame
temperature to approximately 2300 K is necessary under stoichiometric
conditions, and steam dilution combustion appears to be a promising way to
overcome the difficulties associated with hydrogen/air combustion. Indeed,
increasing the heat capacity of the mixture and reducing the fuel and oxygen
concentrations decrease the flame temperature and velocity, also limiting the
transition to detonation.
The proposed thesis subject
will have two objectives which consist in obtaining fundamental experimental
data in order to select and improve a kinetic mechanism from the literature
capable of describing the combustion of H2/air/H2O(+NOx) over a wide range of
operating conditions, and to study the effect of the local geometry of the
flame front (strong curvature) on the reactivity. The use of the acoustic
system will make it possible to study the importance of diffusive phenomena for
very varied flame geometries in order to call into question the consideration
of diffusion in numerical simulations. This task is an essential first step to
validate the consideration of diffusion effects before simulating highly
turbulent flames.
This thesis is funded as
part of the ANR SPEEDYH project aimed at the fundamental scientific
understanding of hydrogen/air combustion with the addition of water vapor and
NOx. This objective will be achieved through experiments and numerical
modelling.
A degree in the following
disciplines is required: combustion, physics, chemistry, fluid mechanics or
thermodynamics. a good level in English is required and an ability to work in a
team.
View Details about PhD and Apply
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